Hanoi city,Vietnam. Part 1
Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC. One of the first known permanent settlements is the Co Loa citadel (C? Loa) founded around 200 BC.
Hanoi has had many names throughout history, all of them of Sino-Vietnamese origin. During the Chinese domination of Vietnam, it was known as T?ng Bình and later Long ?? (; literally "dragon's belly"). In 866, it was turned into a citadel and was named ??i La .
In 1010, Lý Thái T?, the first ruler of the Lý Dynasty, moved the capital of ??i Vi?t (, the Great Viet, then the name of Vietnam) to the site of the ??i La Citadel. Claiming to have seen a dragon ascending the Red River, he renamed it Th?ng Long (, Ascending dragon) - a name still used poetically to this day. It remained the capital of Vietnam until 1397, when the capital was moved to Thanh Hóa, also known as Tây ?ô (, Western Capital). Th?ng Long then became ?ông ?ô (, Eastern Capital).
Hoàn Ki?m Lake in the centre of Hanoi, with the streets of the old town in the background (1999)
Tháp Bút (Pen Tower) with a phrase "T? thanh thiên" [it means "Write on the sky"] next to Hoàn Ki?m Lake (2007)
In 1408, Vietnam was invaded by Chinese troops from the Ming Dynasty and ?ông ?ô was renamed ?ông Quan (Eastern Gateway) by the Chinese. In 1428, Vietnam was liberated from Chinese rule by Lê L?i, the founder of the Le Dynasty and ?ông Quan was renamed ?ông Kinh (Eastern Capital - the name known to Europeans as Tonkin. The same characters are used for Tokyo, Japan). During the Tây S?n Dynasty, it was named B?c Thành (Northern Citadel).
In 1802, when the Nguy?n Dynasty was established and then moved the capital down to present-day Hu?, it was renamed Th?ng Long ( "ascending dragon"). However, the second syllable of the toponym is actually a homonym of the word long, and so, actually suggests “to flourish” as opposed to “dragon”. Therefore, the name would then have appeared, roughly to ascend and flourish. In 1831 the Nguyen Dynasty renamed it Hà N?i (can be translated as Between Rivers or River Interior) . Hanoi was occupied by the French in 1873 and passed to them ten years later. It became the capital of French Indochina after 1887. The city was occupied by the Japanese in 1940, and liberated in 1945, when it briefly became the seat of the Viet Minh government after H? Chí Minh proclaimed the independence of Vi?t Nam. But the French came back and reoccupied the city in 1946. After nine years of fighting between the French and Viet Minh forces, Hanoi became the capital of an independent North Vietnam in 1954.
During the Vietnam War Hanoi's transportation facilities were disrupted by the bombing of bridges and railways, which were, however, promptly repaired. Following the end of the war, Hanoi became the capital of Vietnam when North and South Vietnam were reunited on July 2, 1976.
On August 1, 2008, Hanoi absorbed the neighboring province of Ha Tay, Vinh Phuc's Me Linh district, and four communes from Luong Son, Hoa Binh, effectively tripling its size. Follow website: http://www.Hanoihistory.com |
Hello EVN...!! You really impressed me by your knowledge about the historical background of Vietnam's capital "Hanoi".Last year i reached Hanoi by flight at the Noi Bai International Airport, 35 km to the north of Hanoi. My main aim was to visit the following two places for sightseeing,
Hanoi Opera House | Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, Hanoi But after reading the history of Hanoi,i got excited to visit it again, to explore my historical knowledge about Hanoi..... Heartiest thanks for providing such a useful information...... With Regards, Mack Bosh. _____________________________ You can know about Club Villamar by clicking on Locations Espagne Vacances and also on Location Villa Espagne. |
